# Helper function to create a mock otel span create_mock_otel_span <- function(name = "test_span") { structure( list( name = name, activate = function(...) NULL, end = function(...) NULL ), class = "otel_span" ) } # Helper function to create a mock tracer create_mock_tracer <- function() { structure( list( name = "mock_tracer", is_enabled = function() TRUE, start_span = function(name, ...) create_mock_otel_span(name) ), class = "otel_tracer" ) } # Helper function to create a mock logger create_mock_logger <- function() { structure( list(name = "mock_logger"), class = "otel_logger" ) }