library( "sampleSelection" ) suppressPackageStartupMessages( library( "mvtnorm" ) ) options( digits = 3 ) set.seed( 123 ) nObs <- 1000 sigma <- matrix( c( 1, 0.5, 0.1, 0.5, 1, -0.3, 0.1, -0.3, 1 ), ncol = 3 ) errorTerms <- rmvnorm( nObs, c( 0, 0, 0 ), sigma ) myData <- data.frame( no = c( 1:nObs ), x1 = rnorm( nObs ), x2 = rnorm( nObs ), u1 = errorTerms[ , 1 ], u2 = errorTerms[ , 2 ], u3 = errorTerms[ , 3 ] ) myData$w <- 1 + myData$x1 + myData$u1 myData$y <- 2 + myData$w + myData$u2 myData$s <- ( 2 * myData$x1 + myData$x2 + myData$u3 - 0.2 ) > 0 myData$y[ !myData$s ] <- NA myHeckit <- heckit( s ~ x1 + x2, y ~ w, data = myData ) summary( myHeckit ) # biased! myHeckitIv <- heckit( s ~ x1 + x2, y ~ w, data = myData, inst = ~ x1 ) summary( myHeckitIv ) # unbiased myHeckitIvWe <- heckit( s ~ x1 + x2, y ~ w, data = myData, inst = ~ x1, weights = rep( 0.5, nObs ) ) summary( myHeckitIvWe )