R Under development (unstable) (2024-08-21 r87038 ucrt) -- "Unsuffered Consequences"
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> 
> library(gridGeometry)
Loading required package: grid
> 
> ################################################################################
> ## Closed shapes
> 
> ## Two grobs, one shape each
> r <- rectGrob(.3, .5, .2, .2)
> c <- circleGrob(.45, .5, .1)
> grid.newpage()
> grid.polyclip(r, c, "minus")
> 
> ## Two grobs, one shape each, null result
> r <- rectGrob(.3, .5, .2, .2)
> c <- circleGrob(.6, .5, .1)
> grid.newpage()
> grid.polyclip(r, c)
> 
> ## Two grobs, one has multiple shapes
> r <- rectGrob(.5, .5, .8, .4)
> c <- circleGrob(c(.45, .55), .5, .1)
> grid.newpage()
> grid.polyclip(r, c, "minus", gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## Two grobs, one has multiple shapes, control reduce
> r <- rectGrob(.5, .5, .8, .4)
> c <- circleGrob(c(.45, .55), .5, .1)
> grid.newpage()
> grid.polyclip(r, c, "minus", reduceB="intersection", gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## grob and gTree
> r <- rectGrob(.5, .5, .8, .4)
> c1 <- circleGrob(.45, .5, .1)
> c2 <- circleGrob(.55, .5, .1)
> gt <- gTree(children=gList(c1, c2))
> grid.newpage()
> grid.polyclip(r, gt, "minus", gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ################################################################################
> ## Mixture of open and closed
> 
> ## One open, one closed
> line <- segmentsGrob(gp=gpar(col="grey"))
> circle <- circleGrob(r = .3, gp=gpar(col="grey", fill = NA))
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(circle)
> grid.draw(line)
> grid.polyclip(line, circle, "minus", gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## Two open, one closed (reduceA defaults to "flatten" for !closed A)
> lines <- segmentsGrob(0:1, 0, 1:0, 1, gp=gpar(col="grey"))
> circle <- circleGrob(r = .3, gp=gpar(col="grey", fill = NA))
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(circle)
> grid.draw(lines)
> grid.polyclip(lines, circle, "minus", gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ################################################################################
> ## fillA and fillB
> 
> ## Default fillB is "nonzero"
> ## Path is TWO shapes (each with rule "winding", which is irrelevant)
> ## Outer clockwise, inner anticlockwise
> ## Path is flattened to two sets of coordinates
> ## Inner rect creates hole in outer rect
> ## (because default fillB of NULL defaults to "winding"/"nonzero")
> ## (and [flattened] path has no rule)
> grid.newpage()
> circle <- circleGrob(r=.4)
> rects <- pathGrob(c(.3, .3, .7, .7, .6, .6, .4, .4),
+                   c(.3, .7, .7, .3, .4, .6, .6, .4),
+                   pathId=rep(1:2, each=4))
> grid.polyclip(circle, rects, "minus", reduceB = "flatten",
+               gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## Take fillB from grob (path)
> ## Path is ONE shape with two parts and rule "evenodd"
> ## Outer clockwise, inner clockwise
> ## Path generates two sets of coordinates
> ## Inner rect creates hole in outer rect
> ## (because path rule is "evenodd")
> grid.newpage()
> circle <- circleGrob(r=.4)
> rects <- pathGrob(c(.3, .3, .7, .7, .4, .4, .6, .6),
+                   c(.3, .7, .7, .3, .4, .6, .6, .4),
+                   id=rep(1:2, each=4),
+                   rule="evenodd")
> grid.polyclip(circle, rects, "minus", 
+               gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## Take fillB from grob (path)
> ## Path is ONE shape with two parts and rule "winding"
> ## Outer clockwise, inner clockwise
> ## Path generates two sets of coordinates
> ## Inner rect DOES NOT create hole in outer rect
> ## (because path rule is "winding"/"evenodd")
> grid.newpage()
> circle <- circleGrob(r=.4)
> rects <- pathGrob(c(.3, .3, .7, .7, .4, .4, .6, .6),
+                   c(.3, .7, .7, .3, .4, .6, .6, .4),
+                   id=rep(1:2, each=4))
> grid.polyclip(circle, rects, "minus", 
+               gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## Override rule from grob (path)
> ## Path is ONE shape with two parts and rule "evenodd"
> ## Outer clockwise, inner clockwise
> ## Path generates two sets of coordinates
> ## Inner rect DOES NOT create hole in outer rect
> ## (because fillB rule of "winding"/"evenodd" overrules path rule of "evenodd")
> grid.newpage()
> circle <- circleGrob(r=.4)
> rects <- pathGrob(c(.3, .3, .7, .7, .4, .4, .6, .6),
+                   c(.3, .7, .7, .3, .4, .6, .6, .4),
+                   id=rep(1:2, each=4),
+                   rule="evenodd")
> grid.polyclip(circle, rects, "minus", fillB = "nonzero",
+               gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ################################################################################
> ## trim()
> 
> library(gridGeometry)
> 
> l <- bezierGrob(c(.2, .4, .6, .8),
+                 c(.2, .8, .8, .2),
+                 gp=gpar(col="grey", lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim single line, single result
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, .2, .8, gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim single line (negative 'to'), single result
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, .2, -.1, gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim single line (unit from/to), single result
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, unit(5, "mm"), unit(-1, "in"), gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim single line ("npc" 'to'), single result
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, .2, unit(.5, "npc") + unit(5, "mm"), gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim single line (vector from/to), multiple results
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, c(.2, .6), c(.4, .8), gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim single line (rep=TRUE), multiple results
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, .1, .2, rep=TRUE, gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## raw trim() (instead of grid.trim())
> grid.newpage()
> xg <- xsplineGrob(c(.2, .5, .8), c(.2, .8, .2), shape=-1)
> xcoords <- trim(xg, from=0:1/2, to=1:2/2)
> grid.lines(xcoords[[1]]$x, xcoords[[1]]$y, default.units="in",
+            gp=gpar(lwd=3, lineend="butt"))
> grid.lines(xcoords[[2]]$x, xcoords[[2]]$y, default.units="in",
+            gp=gpar(lwd=10, lineend="butt"))
> 
> ## trim grob with multiple shapes
> l <- segmentsGrob(c(.2, .4), .2, c(.6, .8), .8,
+                   gp=gpar(lwd=5, col="grey"))
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(l)
> grid.trim(l, .2, .8, gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> ## trim gTree
> gt <- gTree(children=gList(l,
+                            circleGrob(),
+                            gTree(children=gList(linesGrob(c(.2, .2, .4),
+                                                           c(.6, .8, .8)),
+                                                 linesGrob(c(.6, .8, .8),
+                                                           c(.2, .2, .4))))),
+             gp=gpar(lwd=5, col="grey"))
> grid.newpage()
> grid.draw(gt)
> grid.trim(gt, .2, .8, gp=gpar(lwd=5))
> 
> 
> 
> library(gridGeometry)
> 
> 
> ## grid.reduce
> ## (three circles become one union'ed shape)
> grob <- circleGrob(1:3/4, r=.2)
> grid.newpage()
> grid.reduce(grob, gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## grid.reduce
> ## (three circles become one xor'ed shape)
> grid.newpage()
> grid.reduce(grob, op="xor", gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## grid.reduce
> ## (path with hole remains path with hole because fill rule is retained)
> path <- pathGrob(c(.3, .3, .7, .7, .4, .4, .6, .6),
+                  c(.3, .7, .7, .3, .4, .6, .6, .4),
+                  id.lengths=c(4, 4),
+                  rule="evenodd")
> grid.newpage()
> grid.reduce(path, gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> ## grid.reduce
> ## (gTree with path with hole and rect, still has hole because fill
> ##  rule on path is retained)
> rect <- rectGrob(0, 1, just=c("left", "top"), .5, .5)
> gt <- gTree(children=gList(path, rect))
> grid.newpage()
> grid.reduce(gt, gp=gpar(fill="grey"))
> 
> 
> proc.time()
   user  system elapsed 
   0.48    0.07    0.56