R Under development (unstable) (2024-05-30 r86651 ucrt) -- "Unsuffered Consequences"
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> ###These are tests of the basic function of xBalance under some
> ###restricted sitations and using functions that hew closely to the
> ###expressions in Hansen and Bowers 2008. For example, with only
> ###binary treatment. The idea here to show that the math in that
> ###article is equivalent to the output from xBalance.
> 
> require("RItools")
Loading required package: RItools
Loading required package: ggplot2
> 
> data(nuclearplants)
> 
> s2.fn<-function(x){sum((x-mean(x))^2)/(length(x)-1)} ##same as sd(x)
> h.fn<-function(n,m){(m*(n-m))/n}
> 
> var1<-function(x,m){ ##var(d)
+   h<-h.fn(n=length(x),m=m)
+   (1/h)*s2.fn(x)
+ }
> 
> var2<-function(x,m){ ##var(Z'x) (i.e. var of the sum statistic)
+   h<-h.fn(n=length(x),m=m)
+   (h)*s2.fn(x)
+ }
> 
> #####First just looking at the unstratified calculations
> xb1a<-xBalance(pr~ date+ t1 + t2 + cap + ne + ct + bw + cum.n,
+                strata=list(nostrat=NULL),
+                data=nuclearplants,
+                report=c("adj.means","adj.mean.diffs","adj.mean.diffs.null.sd","std.diffs","z.scores","p.values"))
> 
> ##print(xb1a,digits=4)
> 
> testxb1a<-t(sapply(nuclearplants[,dimnames(xb1a$results)$vars],function(thevar){
+   myssn<-with(nuclearplants,sum((pr-mean(pr))*thevar))
+   myadjdiff<-myssn/h.fn(m=sum(nuclearplants$pr),n=length(nuclearplants$pr))
+   mynullvar1<-var1(x=thevar,m=sum(nuclearplants$pr))
+   myz<-myadjdiff/sqrt(mynullvar1)
+   return(c(adj.diff=myadjdiff,adj.diff.null.sd=sqrt(mynullvar1),z=myz))
+ }))
> 
> ##print(testxb1a,digits=4)
> 
> all.equal(xb1a$results[,c("adj.diff","adj.diff.null.sd","z"),"nostrat"],testxb1a,check.attributes = FALSE)
[1] TRUE
> 
> ###Now with strata.
> xb2<-xBalance(pr~ date+ t1 + t2 + cap + ne + ct + bw + cum.n,
+               strata=list(pt=~pt),
+               data=nuclearplants,
+               report=c("all"))
> 
> 
> test2.fn<-function(zz,mm,ss){
+   ##Some notes on xBalanceEngine
+   ##dv = h/(n-1)
+   ##unsplit(tapply(zz,ss,function(z){h.fn(m=sum(z),n=length(z))/(length(z)-1)}),ss) ##h/(n-1)
+   ##tmat*tmat = squared mean deviations
+   ##sapply(split(data.frame(mm),ss),function(x){sapply(x,function(var){(var-mean(var))^2})})
+   ##so dv*tmat*tmat=(h/(n-1))*(x_i-\bar(x))^2=h*s^2
+ 
+   myssn<-apply(mm,2,function(x){sum((zz-unsplit(tapply(zz,ss,mean),ss))*x)})
+ 
+   hs<-tapply(zz,ss,function(z){h.fn(m=sum(z),n=length(z))})
+   mywtsum<-sum(hs)
+ 
+   myadjdiff<-myssn/mywtsum
+ 
+   s2s<-sapply(data.frame(mm),function(x){sapply(split(x,ss),function(var){var(var)})})
+ 
+   myssvar<-apply(s2s,2,function(s2){sum(hs*s2)})
+   mynullsd2<-apply(s2s,2,function(s2){sqrt((1/(sum(hs)^2))*sum(hs*s2))}) ##from StatSci eq 6
+   mynullsd1<-sqrt(myssvar*(1/mywtsum)^2) ##with (1/h)
+ 
+   stopifnot(all.equal(mynullsd1,mynullsd2,check.attributes=FALSE))
+ 
+   ##If numbers of treated and controls are the same for all blocks:
+   if( length(unique(ss))>1 & all(diff(hs)==0) ){
+     mynullsd3<-apply(s2s,2,function(s2){sqrt((1/(length(hs)))^2*sum((1/hs)*s2))}) ##(1/B^2)*\sum_{b=1}^B (1/h) s2
+     stopifnot(all.equal(mynullsd3,mynullsd2))
+ 
+     ##For fun, the version ignoring the stratification.
+     m<-sum(zz)
+     n<-length(zz)
+     h<-(m*(n-m))/n
+     mynullsd.nostrat<-sqrt((1/h)*apply(mm,2,var))
+ 
+   }
+   ##For pairs
+   if((length(unique(ss))>1 & all(table(ss)==2)) & all(diff(hs)==0)){
+     mys2s.pairs<-sapply(data.frame(mm),function(x){sapply(split(x,ss),function(var){sum((var-mean(var))^2)})})
+     mynullsd4<-apply(s2s,2,function(s2){sqrt((2/(length(s2)^2))*sum(s2))}) ##(1/B^2)*\sum_{b=1}^B (1/h) s2 = (2/B^2)\sum_{b=1}^B \sum_{i=1}^2 s2
+     stopifnot(all.equal(mynullsd4,mynullsd2))
+   }
+   myz2<-myadjdiff/mynullsd2
+   myz3<-myadjdiff/mynullsd1
+   myz1<-myssn/sqrt(myssvar)
+ 
+   stopifnot(all.equal(myz1,myz2,check.attributes=FALSE))
+   stopifnot(all.equal(myz2,myz3,check.attributes=FALSE))
+ 
+   return(cbind(adj.diff=myadjdiff,adj.diff.null.sd=mynullsd2,z=myz2))
+ }
> 
> mymm<-model.matrix(pr~ date+ t1 + t2 + cap + ne + ct + bw + cum.n-1,data=nuclearplants)
> 
> test2.fn(zz=nuclearplants$pr,mm=mymm,ss=nuclearplants$pt)
         adj.diff adj.diff.null.sd          z
date   0.09790698        0.3349829  0.2922746
t1     0.95348837        1.2041819  0.7918142
t2     9.37209302        4.0582505  2.3093925
cap   66.56976744       72.4498365  0.9188394
ne    -0.02325581        0.1609195 -0.1445183
ct    -0.11046512        0.1895349 -0.5828221
bw    -0.04651163        0.1506341 -0.3087722
cum.n -0.81976744        2.4129633 -0.3397347
> 
> all.equal(test2.fn(zz=nuclearplants$pr,mm=mymm,ss=nuclearplants$pt),
+           xb2$results[,c("adj.diff","adj.diff.null.sd","z"),"pt"],check.attributes=FALSE)
[1] TRUE
> 
> proc.time()
   user  system elapsed 
   1.71    0.17    1.87